Asking how are you in German is important. But in a German-speaking country there are slightly different rules around it compared to an English-speaking country.
In English-speaking countries a "how are you?" can be used as a way to say "hello". In other words, you say "how are you" as a greeting, and you are not really asking that person how they are.
In a German-speaking country that is not the case - if someone asks this they mean it! When you ask this question you should expect a fairly honest response! And be prepared to answer this question when asked.
Wie geht's? - (Vee gayts) How are you? This can be asked in most scenarios, formal and informal
Wie geht es dir?- (Vee gayt es deer) How are you doing? This is a longer version of Wie geht's?
Wie geht es Ihnen?- (Vee gayt es een-en) How are you? This is more formal
Wie läuft’s bei dir?- (Vee loifts by deer) How is everything with you? This is more informal
Wie geht es euch?- (Vee gayt es oykh) How you you? (plural) Use this when you are addressing a group
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